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Fused Silica Light Pipes
Similar to optical fibers, light pipe homogenizing rods utilize Total Internal Reflection (TIR) to transmit light from the input to the output end. The refractive index of the substrate material is the sole factor determining the light pipe’s critical angle, which defines the acceptance angle for TIR to occur. For light pipes designed for high-NA, standard-NA, or low-NA light sources, if the same substrate material is used, they will share the identical acceptance angle.
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How to choose the material for the light pipe
Material Refractive Index Applicable Scene Advantages and Disadvantages
Optical Glass (BK7) 1.517 High-power laser, precision optical system ✅ High transmittance and low absorption
❌ Brittle and heavy
Fused Silica 1.46 UV laser, high-temperature environment ✅ Heat resistance and low thermal expansion
❌ High Cost
PMMA 1.49 Low-cost lighting and light pipe ✅ Lightweight and easy to process
❌ Poor heat resistance
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